Ellunkanat

Has the third molar longer than the second. Lived on the Atlantic seashore and in the mountains of Western Europe, but also reached Eatern Europe and the Pontic steppes.

Stood about 12.2hh (127cm) at the end of the Ice Age, although the earlier interglacial specimens were about 16hh (160.5cm). Had black manes and tails, black lover legs, and a dark bay (brown) water-resistant coat. May have had individuals with either upright or long manes and some with forelocks. Had a broad forehead, long head and narrow or straight profile and small ears. The teeth were high crowned with thick enamel. Heavy, medium to short, upright ewe neck, strong wide body, with the rump higher than the withers, wide chest, short, somewhat concave back, and wide and sloping rump with low-set tail. Short legs, with short broad cannon bones, short pasterns, and strong, round hooves.

Modern descendants

According to Colin Groves, the norterhn ponies divided early on into 3 groups which evolved along similar lines: 1 on the tundra, 1 in the open forests and 1 on the steppe. The last 2 groups can be traced back to the last interglacial period (between 120 000 and 80 000 years ago). The steppe group of northern ponies were medium-sized animals with large teeth and long noses. Grove places the Tarpan and the Przewalski horse in the steppe group. The forest group lived in the open, mixed forest or parkland region of Eastern Europe; the tundra group is represented in Europe by the late Ice Age horses from Solutré.

The Type I has contributed to the stock of the Konik, Exmoor and Icelandic ponies, the Hanoverian horse and the Dülmeners. In Iberia it is represented by the garrano from Portugal or the jaca from Spain; the garrano certainly contributed to the Sorraia, the Lusitano and the Spanish horse.